diff --git a/src/components/common/traffic-error-boundary.tsx b/src/components/common/traffic-error-boundary.tsx
index c665e2a9..9f52f575 100644
--- a/src/components/common/traffic-error-boundary.tsx
+++ b/src/components/common/traffic-error-boundary.tsx
@@ -193,7 +193,8 @@ const TrafficErrorFallback: React.FC<TrafficErrorFallbackProps> = ({
 
       <Alert severity="error" sx={{ mb: 2, maxWidth: 400 }}>
         <Typography variant="body2">
-          <strong>Error:</strong> {error?.message || "Unknown error"}
+          <strong>Error:</strong>{" "}
+          {error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Unknown error"}
         </Typography>
         {retryCount > 0 && (
           <Typography variant="caption" display="block" sx={{ mt: 1 }}>
diff --git a/src/components/home/home-profile-card.tsx b/src/components/home/home-profile-card.tsx
index fa1e01e3..40ad3442 100644
--- a/src/components/home/home-profile-card.tsx
+++ b/src/components/home/home-profile-card.tsx
@@ -296,8 +296,8 @@ export const HomeProfileCard = ({
 
       // 刷新首页数据
       refreshAll();
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      showNotice.error(err.message || err.toString(), 3000);
+    } catch (err) {
+      showNotice.error(err, 3000);
     } finally {
       setUpdating(false);
     }
diff --git a/src/components/home/ip-info-card.tsx b/src/components/home/ip-info-card.tsx
index 585460dc..abfe3ac3 100644
--- a/src/components/home/ip-info-card.tsx
+++ b/src/components/home/ip-info-card.tsx
@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ export const IpInfoCard = () => {
       const data = await getIpInfo();
       setIpInfo(data);
       setCountdown(IP_REFRESH_SECONDS);
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      setError(err.message || t("Failed to get IP info"));
+    } catch (err) {
+      setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : t("Failed to get IP info"));
     } finally {
       setLoading(false);
     }
diff --git a/src/components/home/proxy-tun-card.tsx b/src/components/home/proxy-tun-card.tsx
index c775f87a..179d3606 100644
--- a/src/components/home/proxy-tun-card.tsx
+++ b/src/components/home/proxy-tun-card.tsx
@@ -147,8 +147,8 @@ export const ProxyTunCard: FC = () => {
 
   const { enable_tun_mode } = verge ?? {};
 
-  const handleError = (err: Error) => {
-    showNotice.error(err.message || err.toString());
+  const handleError = (err: unknown) => {
+    showNotice.error(err);
   };
 
   const handleTabChange = (tab: string) => {
diff --git a/src/components/home/system-info-card.tsx b/src/components/home/system-info-card.tsx
index 74a52957..80394495 100644
--- a/src/components/home/system-info-card.tsx
+++ b/src/components/home/system-info-card.tsx
@@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ export const SystemInfoCard = () => {
         showNotice.info("Update Available", 2000);
         goToSettings();
       }
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      showNotice.error(err.message || err.toString());
+    } catch (err) {
+      showNotice.error(err);
     }
   });
 
diff --git a/src/components/profile/profile-viewer.tsx b/src/components/profile/profile-viewer.tsx
index b872ec07..e38f4d25 100644
--- a/src/components/profile/profile-viewer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/profile/profile-viewer.tsx
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ export function ProfileViewer({ onChange, ref }: ProfileViewerProps) {
           } catch {
             // 首次创建/更新失败，尝试使用自身代理
             showNotice.info(
-              t("components.profile.viewer.notifications.creationRetry"),
+              "components.profile.viewer.notifications.creationRetry",
             );
 
             // 使用自身代理的配置
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ export function ProfileViewer({ onChange, ref }: ProfileViewerProps) {
             }
 
             showNotice.success(
-              t("components.profile.viewer.notifications.creationSuccess"),
+              "components.profile.viewer.notifications.creationSuccess",
             );
           }
         }
diff --git a/src/components/profile/proxies-editor-viewer.tsx b/src/components/profile/proxies-editor-viewer.tsx
index 7aa41576..ba7ad167 100644
--- a/src/components/profile/proxies-editor-viewer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/profile/proxies-editor-viewer.tsx
@@ -163,11 +163,11 @@ export const ProxiesEditorViewer = (props: Props) => {
             proxies.push(proxy);
             names.push(proxy.name);
           }
-        } catch (err: any) {
+        } catch (err) {
           console.warn(
             "[ProxiesEditorViewer] parseUri failed for line:",
             uri,
-            err?.message || err,
+            err,
           );
           // 不阻塞主流程
         }
diff --git a/src/components/proxy/provider-button.tsx b/src/components/proxy/provider-button.tsx
index 3a1a969e..a2ef21ce 100644
--- a/src/components/proxy/provider-button.tsx
+++ b/src/components/proxy/provider-button.tsx
@@ -66,15 +66,13 @@ export const ProviderButton = () => {
       await refreshProxy();
       await refreshProxyProviders();
 
-      showNotice.success({
-        i18nKey: "components.providers.notices.updateSuccess",
-        params: { name },
+      showNotice.success("components.providers.notices.updateSuccess", {
+        name,
       });
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const message = err?.message || err?.toString?.() || String(err);
-      showNotice.error({
-        i18nKey: "components.providers.notices.updateFailed",
-        params: { name, message },
+    } catch (err) {
+      showNotice.error("components.providers.notices.updateFailed", {
+        name,
+        message: String(err),
       });
     } finally {
       // 清除更新状态
@@ -88,9 +86,7 @@ export const ProviderButton = () => {
       // 获取所有provider的名称
       const allProviders = Object.keys(proxyProviders || {});
       if (allProviders.length === 0) {
-        showNotice.info({
-          i18nKey: "components.providers.notices.none",
-        });
+        showNotice.info("components.providers.notices.none");
         return;
       }
 
@@ -120,14 +116,10 @@ export const ProviderButton = () => {
       await refreshProxy();
       await refreshProxyProviders();
 
-      showNotice.success({
-        i18nKey: "components.providers.notices.allUpdated",
-      });
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const message = err?.message || err?.toString?.() || String(err);
-      showNotice.error({
-        i18nKey: "components.providers.notices.genericError",
-        params: { message },
+      showNotice.success("components.providers.notices.allUpdated");
+    } catch (err) {
+      showNotice.error("components.providers.notices.genericError", {
+        message: String(err),
       });
     } finally {
       // 清除所有更新状态
diff --git a/src/components/rule/provider-button.tsx b/src/components/rule/provider-button.tsx
index f0857f53..3c472e84 100644
--- a/src/components/rule/provider-button.tsx
+++ b/src/components/rule/provider-button.tsx
@@ -58,15 +58,13 @@ export const ProviderButton = () => {
       await refreshRules();
       await refreshRuleProviders();
 
-      showNotice.success({
-        i18nKey: "components.notices.providers.updateSuccess",
-        params: { name },
+      showNotice.success("components.notices.providers.updateSuccess", {
+        name,
       });
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const message = err?.message || err?.toString?.() || String(err);
-      showNotice.error({
-        i18nKey: "components.notices.providers.updateFailed",
-        params: { name, message },
+    } catch (err) {
+      showNotice.error("components.notices.providers.updateFailed", {
+        name,
+        message: String(err),
       });
     } finally {
       // 清除更新状态
@@ -80,9 +78,7 @@ export const ProviderButton = () => {
       // 获取所有provider的名称
       const allProviders = Object.keys(ruleProviders || {});
       if (allProviders.length === 0) {
-        showNotice.info({
-          i18nKey: "components.notices.providers.none",
-        });
+        showNotice.info("components.notices.providers.none");
         return;
       }
 
@@ -112,14 +108,10 @@ export const ProviderButton = () => {
       await refreshRules();
       await refreshRuleProviders();
 
-      showNotice.success({
-        i18nKey: "components.notices.providers.allUpdated",
-      });
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const message = err?.message || err?.toString?.() || String(err);
-      showNotice.error({
-        i18nKey: "components.notices.providers.genericError",
-        params: { message },
+      showNotice.success("components.notices.providers.allUpdated");
+    } catch (err) {
+      showNotice.error("components.notices.providers.genericError", {
+        message: String(err),
       });
     } finally {
       // 清除所有更新状态
diff --git a/src/components/setting/mods/backup-config-viewer.tsx b/src/components/setting/mods/backup-config-viewer.tsx
index a174747e..14ac7c54 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/mods/backup-config-viewer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/mods/backup-config-viewer.tsx
@@ -84,18 +84,16 @@ export const BackupConfigViewer = memo(
 
       if (!url) {
         urlRef.current?.focus();
-        showNotice(
-          "error",
-          t("components.settings.backup.messages.webdavUrlRequired"),
+        showNotice.error(
+          "components.settings.backup.messages.webdavUrlRequired",
         );
         throw new Error(
           t("components.settings.backup.messages.webdavUrlRequired"),
         );
       } else if (!isValidUrl(url)) {
         urlRef.current?.focus();
-        showNotice(
-          "error",
-          t("components.settings.backup.messages.invalidWebdavUrl"),
+        showNotice.error(
+          "components.settings.backup.messages.invalidWebdavUrl",
         );
         throw new Error(
           t("components.settings.backup.messages.invalidWebdavUrl"),
@@ -103,9 +101,8 @@ export const BackupConfigViewer = memo(
       }
       if (!username) {
         usernameRef.current?.focus();
-        showNotice(
-          "error",
-          t("components.settings.backup.messages.usernameRequired"),
+        showNotice.error(
+          "components.settings.backup.messages.usernameRequired",
         );
         throw new Error(
           t("components.settings.backup.messages.usernameRequired"),
@@ -113,9 +110,8 @@ export const BackupConfigViewer = memo(
       }
       if (!password) {
         passwordRef.current?.focus();
-        showNotice(
-          "error",
-          t("components.settings.backup.messages.passwordRequired"),
+        showNotice.error(
+          "components.settings.backup.messages.passwordRequired",
         );
         throw new Error(
           t("components.settings.backup.messages.passwordRequired"),
@@ -132,18 +128,15 @@ export const BackupConfigViewer = memo(
           data.username.trim(),
           data.password,
         ).then(() => {
-          showNotice(
-            "success",
-            t("components.settings.backup.messages.webdavConfigSaved"),
+          showNotice.success(
+            "components.settings.backup.messages.webdavConfigSaved",
           );
           onSaveSuccess();
         });
       } catch (error) {
-        showNotice(
-          "error",
-          t("components.settings.backup.messages.webdavConfigSaveFailed", {
-            error,
-          }),
+        showNotice.error(
+          "components.settings.backup.messages.webdavConfigSaveFailed",
+          { error },
           3000,
         );
       } finally {
@@ -156,17 +149,15 @@ export const BackupConfigViewer = memo(
       try {
         setLoading(true);
         await createWebdavBackup().then(async () => {
-          showNotice(
-            "success",
-            t("components.settings.backup.messages.backupCreated"),
+          showNotice.success(
+            "components.settings.backup.messages.backupCreated",
           );
           await onBackupSuccess();
         });
       } catch (error) {
-        showNotice(
-          "error",
-          t("components.settings.backup.messages.backupFailed", { error }),
-        );
+        showNotice.error("components.settings.backup.messages.backupFailed", {
+          error,
+        });
       } finally {
         setLoading(false);
       }
diff --git a/src/components/setting/mods/backup-table-viewer.tsx b/src/components/setting/mods/backup-table-viewer.tsx
index 8aa46996..a0d65d59 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/mods/backup-table-viewer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/mods/backup-table-viewer.tsx
@@ -75,9 +75,8 @@ export const BackupTableViewer = memo(
 
     const handleRestore = useLockFn(async (filename: string) => {
       await onRestore(filename).then(() => {
-        showNotice(
-          "success",
-          t("components.settings.backup.messages.restoreSuccess"),
+        showNotice.success(
+          "components.settings.backup.messages.restoreSuccess",
         );
       });
       await restartApp();
@@ -95,15 +94,13 @@ export const BackupTableViewer = memo(
           return;
         }
         await onExport(filename, savePath);
-        showNotice(
-          "success",
-          t("components.settings.backup.messages.localBackupExported"),
+        showNotice.success(
+          "components.settings.backup.messages.localBackupExported",
         );
       } catch (error) {
         console.error(error);
-        showNotice(
-          "error",
-          t("components.settings.backup.messages.localBackupExportFailed"),
+        showNotice.error(
+          "components.settings.backup.messages.localBackupExportFailed",
         );
       }
     });
diff --git a/src/components/setting/mods/clash-core-viewer.tsx b/src/components/setting/mods/clash-core-viewer.tsx
index 8c87667f..9cfb9d29 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/mods/clash-core-viewer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/mods/clash-core-viewer.tsx
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ export function ClashCoreViewer({ ref }: { ref?: Ref<DialogRef> }) {
     try {
       setRestarting(true);
       await restartCore();
-      showNotice.success({ i18nKey: "Clash Core Restarted" });
+      showNotice.success("Clash Core Restarted");
       setRestarting(false);
     } catch (err) {
       setRestarting(false);
@@ -88,10 +88,10 @@ export function ClashCoreViewer({ ref }: { ref?: Ref<DialogRef> }) {
       setUpgrading(true);
       await upgradeCore();
       setUpgrading(false);
-      showNotice.success({ i18nKey: "Core Version Updated" });
+      showNotice.success("Core Version Updated");
     } catch (err: any) {
       setUpgrading(false);
-      const errMsg = err.response?.data?.message || err.toString();
+      const errMsg = err?.response?.data?.message ?? String(err);
       const showMsg = errMsg.includes("already using latest version")
         ? "Already Using Latest Core Version"
         : errMsg;
diff --git a/src/components/setting/mods/clash-port-viewer.tsx b/src/components/setting/mods/clash-port-viewer.tsx
index f3e2ed17..cecd41c9 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/mods/clash-port-viewer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/mods/clash-port-viewer.tsx
@@ -69,16 +69,10 @@ export const ClashPortViewer = forwardRef<ClashPortViewerRef>((_, ref) => {
       manual: true,
       onSuccess: () => {
         setOpen(false);
-        showNotice(
-          "success",
-          t("components.settings.clash.port.messages.saved"),
-        );
+        showNotice.success("components.settings.clash.port.messages.saved");
       },
       onError: () => {
-        showNotice(
-          "error",
-          t("components.settings.clash.port.messages.saveFailed"),
-        );
+        showNotice.error("components.settings.clash.port.messages.saveFailed");
       },
     },
   );
diff --git a/src/components/setting/mods/controller-viewer.tsx b/src/components/setting/mods/controller-viewer.tsx
index 02d205dd..47bbd412 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/mods/controller-viewer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/mods/controller-viewer.tsx
@@ -56,18 +56,16 @@ export function ControllerViewer({ ref }: { ref?: Ref<DialogRef> }) {
       // 如果启用了外部控制器，则保存控制器地址和密钥
       if (enableController) {
         if (!controller.trim()) {
-          showNotice.error({
-            i18nKey:
-              "components.settings.externalController.messages.addressRequired",
-          });
+          showNotice.error(
+            "components.settings.externalController.messages.addressRequired",
+          );
           return;
         }
 
         if (!secret.trim()) {
-          showNotice.error({
-            i18nKey:
-              "components.settings.externalController.messages.secretRequired",
-          });
+          showNotice.error(
+            "components.settings.externalController.messages.secretRequired",
+          );
           return;
         }
 
@@ -77,15 +75,10 @@ export function ControllerViewer({ ref }: { ref?: Ref<DialogRef> }) {
         await patchInfo({ "external-controller": "" });
       }
 
-      showNotice.success({ i18nKey: "Configuration saved successfully" });
+      showNotice.success("Configuration saved successfully");
       setOpen(false);
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const message = err?.message || err?.toString?.();
-      if (message) {
-        showNotice.error(t("Failed to save configuration"), message, 4000);
-      } else {
-        showNotice.error("Failed to save configuration", 4000);
-      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      showNotice.error("Failed to save configuration", err, 4000);
     } finally {
       setIsSaving(false);
     }
@@ -100,9 +93,9 @@ export function ControllerViewer({ ref }: { ref?: Ref<DialogRef> }) {
         setTimeout(() => setCopySuccess(null));
       } catch (err) {
         console.warn("[ControllerViewer] copy to clipboard failed:", err);
-        showNotice.error({
-          i18nKey: "components.settings.externalController.messages.copyFailed",
-        });
+        showNotice.error(
+          "components.settings.externalController.messages.copyFailed",
+        );
       }
     },
   );
diff --git a/src/components/setting/mods/dns-viewer.tsx b/src/components/setting/mods/dns-viewer.tsx
index 109888bc..d6878b22 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/mods/dns-viewer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/mods/dns-viewer.tsx
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ export function DnsViewer({ ref }: { ref?: Ref<DialogRef> }) {
       skipYamlSyncRef.current = true;
       updateValuesFromConfig(parsedYaml);
     } catch {
-      showNotice.error({ i18nKey: "Invalid YAML format" });
+      showNotice.error("Invalid YAML format");
     }
   }, [yamlContent, updateValuesFromConfig]);
 
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ export function DnsViewer({ ref }: { ref?: Ref<DialogRef> }) {
           }
         }
 
-        showNotice.error(`${t("DNS configuration error")}:`, cleanErrorMsg);
+        showNotice.error("DNS configuration error:", cleanErrorMsg);
         return;
       }
 
@@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ export function DnsViewer({ ref }: { ref?: Ref<DialogRef> }) {
       }
 
       setOpen(false);
-      showNotice.success({ i18nKey: "DNS settings saved" });
+      showNotice.success("DNS settings saved");
     } catch (err) {
       showNotice.error(err);
     }
diff --git a/src/components/setting/mods/external-controller-cors.tsx b/src/components/setting/mods/external-controller-cors.tsx
index b8631ac6..1e82f926 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/mods/external-controller-cors.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/mods/external-controller-cors.tsx
@@ -140,12 +140,10 @@ export const HeaderConfiguration = forwardRef<ClashHeaderConfigingRef>(
         manual: true,
         onSuccess: () => {
           setOpen(false);
-          showNotice.success({
-            i18nKey: "Configuration saved successfully",
-          });
+          showNotice.success("Configuration saved successfully");
         },
         onError: () => {
-          showNotice.error({ i18nKey: "Failed to save configuration" });
+          showNotice.error("Failed to save configuration");
         },
       },
     );
diff --git a/src/components/setting/mods/local-backup-actions.tsx b/src/components/setting/mods/local-backup-actions.tsx
index db8abbb6..0ce7ca62 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/mods/local-backup-actions.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/mods/local-backup-actions.tsx
@@ -20,16 +20,14 @@ export const LocalBackupActions = memo(
       try {
         setLoading(true);
         await createLocalBackup();
-        showNotice(
-          "success",
-          t("components.settings.backup.messages.localBackupCreated"),
+        showNotice.success(
+          "components.settings.backup.messages.localBackupCreated",
         );
         await onBackupSuccess();
       } catch (error) {
         console.error(error);
-        showNotice(
-          "error",
-          t("components.settings.backup.messages.localBackupFailed"),
+        showNotice.error(
+          "components.settings.backup.messages.localBackupFailed",
         );
       } finally {
         setLoading(false);
diff --git a/src/components/setting/mods/network-interface-viewer.tsx b/src/components/setting/mods/network-interface-viewer.tsx
index 9244e0aa..a187c973 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/mods/network-interface-viewer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/mods/network-interface-viewer.tsx
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ const AddressDisplay = ({
           size="small"
           onClick={async () => {
             await writeText(content);
-            showNotice.success({ i18nKey: "Copy Success" });
+            showNotice.success("Copy Success");
           }}
         >
           <ContentCopyRounded sx={{ fontSize: "18px" }} />
diff --git a/src/components/setting/mods/sysproxy-viewer.tsx b/src/components/setting/mods/sysproxy-viewer.tsx
index a021fefd..81790adc 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/mods/sysproxy-viewer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/mods/sysproxy-viewer.tsx
@@ -278,14 +278,12 @@ export const SysproxyViewer = forwardRef<DialogRef>((props, ref) => {
   const onSave = useLockFn(async () => {
     if (value.duration < 1) {
       showNotice.error(
-        t("components.settings.sysproxy.messages.durationTooShort"),
+        "components.settings.sysproxy.messages.durationTooShort",
       );
       return;
     }
     if (value.bypass && !validReg.test(value.bypass)) {
-      showNotice.error(
-        t("components.settings.sysproxy.messages.invalidBypass"),
-      );
+      showNotice.error("components.settings.sysproxy.messages.invalidBypass");
       return;
     }
 
@@ -303,7 +301,7 @@ export const SysproxyViewer = forwardRef<DialogRef>((props, ref) => {
       !hostnameRegex.test(value.proxy_host)
     ) {
       showNotice.error(
-        t("components.settings.sysproxy.messages.invalidProxyHost"),
+        "components.settings.sysproxy.messages.invalidProxyHost",
       );
       return;
     }
diff --git a/src/components/setting/mods/update-viewer.tsx b/src/components/setting/mods/update-viewer.tsx
index c4d59c1c..8672549a 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/mods/update-viewer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/mods/update-viewer.tsx
@@ -58,14 +58,12 @@ export function UpdateViewer({ ref }: { ref?: Ref<DialogRef> }) {
 
   const onUpdate = useLockFn(async () => {
     if (portableFlag) {
-      showNotice.error(t("components.settings.update.messages.portableError"));
+      showNotice.error("components.settings.update.messages.portableError");
       return;
     }
     if (!updateInfo?.body) return;
     if (breakChangeFlag) {
-      showNotice.error(
-        t("components.settings.update.messages.breakChangeError"),
-      );
+      showNotice.error("components.settings.update.messages.breakChangeError");
       return;
     }
     if (updateState) return;
diff --git a/src/components/setting/setting-clash.tsx b/src/components/setting/setting-clash.tsx
index c2537239..c6545a0d 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/setting-clash.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/setting-clash.tsx
@@ -67,9 +67,7 @@ const SettingClash = ({ onError }: Props) => {
   const onUpdateGeo = async () => {
     try {
       await updateGeo();
-      showNotice.success(
-        t("components.settings.clash.messages.geoDataUpdated"),
-      );
+      showNotice.success("components.settings.clash.messages.geoDataUpdated");
     } catch (err: any) {
       showNotice.error(err);
     }
diff --git a/src/components/setting/setting-system.tsx b/src/components/setting/setting-system.tsx
index f73fe9fb..6e4f950e 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/setting-system.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/setting-system.tsx
@@ -78,9 +78,8 @@ const SettingSystem = ({ onError }: Props) => {
           }}
           onGuard={async (e) => {
             if (isAdminMode) {
-              showNotice(
-                "info",
-                t("components.settings.system.tooltips.autoLaunchAdmin"),
+              showNotice.info(
+                "components.settings.system.tooltips.autoLaunchAdmin",
               );
             }
 
diff --git a/src/components/setting/setting-verge-advanced.tsx b/src/components/setting/setting-verge-advanced.tsx
index 46a3aafd..b1159798 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/setting-verge-advanced.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/setting-verge-advanced.tsx
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ const SettingVergeAdvanced = ({ onError: _ }: Props) => {
       const info = await checkUpdate();
       if (!info?.available) {
         showNotice.success(
-          t("components.settings.verge.advanced.notifications.latestVersion"),
+          "components.settings.verge.advanced.notifications.latestVersion",
         );
       } else {
         updateRef.current?.open();
@@ -61,19 +61,19 @@ const SettingVergeAdvanced = ({ onError: _ }: Props) => {
   const onExportDiagnosticInfo = useCallback(async () => {
     await exportDiagnosticInfo();
     showNotice.success(
-      t("components.settings.common.notifications.copySuccess"),
+      "components.settings.common.notifications.copySuccess",
       1000,
     );
-  }, [t]);
+  }, []);
 
   const copyVersion = useCallback(() => {
     navigator.clipboard.writeText(`v${version}`).then(() => {
       showNotice.success(
-        t("components.settings.verge.advanced.notifications.versionCopied"),
+        "components.settings.verge.advanced.notifications.versionCopied",
         1000,
       );
     });
-  }, [t]);
+  }, []);
 
   return (
     <SettingList title={t("components.settings.verge.advanced.title")}>
diff --git a/src/components/setting/setting-verge-basic.tsx b/src/components/setting/setting-verge-basic.tsx
index a764de17..05b4448a 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/setting-verge-basic.tsx
+++ b/src/components/setting/setting-verge-basic.tsx
@@ -76,12 +76,11 @@ const SettingVergeBasic = ({ onError }: Props) => {
 
   const onCopyClashEnv = useCallback(async () => {
     await copyClashEnv();
-    showNotice(
-      "success",
-      t("components.settings.common.notifications.copySuccess"),
+    showNotice.success(
+      "components.settings.common.notifications.copySuccess",
       1000,
     );
-  }, [t]);
+  }, []);
 
   return (
     <SettingList title={t("components.settings.verge.basic.title")}>
diff --git a/src/components/test/test-item.tsx b/src/components/test/test-item.tsx
index 6407cc18..36f6371c 100644
--- a/src/components/test/test-item.tsx
+++ b/src/components/test/test-item.tsx
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ export const TestItem = ({
     try {
       removeTest(uid);
     } catch (err: any) {
-      showNotice.error(err.message || err.toString());
+      showNotice.error(err);
     }
   });
 
diff --git a/src/components/test/test-viewer.tsx b/src/components/test/test-viewer.tsx
index 42386a4c..244465f4 100644
--- a/src/components/test/test-viewer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/test/test-viewer.tsx
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ export const TestViewer = forwardRef<TestViewerRef, Props>((props, ref) => {
         setLoading(false);
         setTimeout(() => formIns.reset(), 500);
       } catch (err: any) {
-        showNotice.error(err.message || err.toString());
+        showNotice.error(err);
         setLoading(false);
       }
     }),
diff --git a/src/hooks/use-system-state.ts b/src/hooks/use-system-state.ts
index 44d54088..844ad236 100644
--- a/src/hooks/use-system-state.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/use-system-state.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import { useEffect } from "react";
-import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import useSWR from "swr";
 
 import { getRunningMode, isAdmin, isServiceAvailable } from "@/services/cmds";
@@ -26,7 +25,6 @@ let disablingTunMode = false;
  * 包括运行模式、管理员状态、系统服务是否可用
  */
 export function useSystemState() {
-  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const { verge, patchVerge } = useVerge();
 
   const {
@@ -67,16 +65,13 @@ export function useSystemState() {
       disablingTunMode = true;
       patchVerge({ enable_tun_mode: false })
         .then(() => {
-          showNotice.info({
-            i18nKey:
-              "TUN Mode automatically disabled due to service unavailable",
-          });
+          showNotice.info(
+            "TUN Mode automatically disabled due to service unavailable",
+          );
         })
         .catch((err) => {
           console.error("[useVerge] 自动关闭TUN模式失败:", err);
-          showNotice.error({
-            i18nKey: "Failed to disable TUN Mode automatically",
-          });
+          showNotice.error("Failed to disable TUN Mode automatically");
         })
         .finally(() => {
           const tid = setTimeout(() => {
@@ -86,7 +81,7 @@ export function useSystemState() {
           }, 1000);
         });
     }
-  }, [enable_tun_mode, isTunModeAvailable, patchVerge, isLoading, t]);
+  }, [enable_tun_mode, isTunModeAvailable, patchVerge, isLoading]);
 
   return {
     runningMode: systemState.runningMode,
diff --git a/src/hooks/useServiceInstaller.ts b/src/hooks/useServiceInstaller.ts
index 39d56443..6f325254 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useServiceInstaller.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useServiceInstaller.ts
@@ -17,8 +17,7 @@ const executeWithErrorHandling = async (
       showNotice.success(successMessage);
     }
   } catch (err) {
-    const msg = (err as Error)?.message || String(err);
-    showNotice.error(msg);
+    showNotice.error(err);
     throw err;
   }
 };
diff --git a/src/hooks/useServiceUninstaller.ts b/src/hooks/useServiceUninstaller.ts
index 546c3f59..10418da6 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useServiceUninstaller.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useServiceUninstaller.ts
@@ -17,8 +17,7 @@ const executeWithErrorHandling = async (
       showNotice.success(successMessage);
     }
   } catch (err) {
-    const msg = (err as Error)?.message || String(err);
-    showNotice.error(msg);
+    showNotice.error(err);
     throw err;
   }
 };
diff --git a/src/locales/en.json b/src/locales/en.json
index c7f6fc0c..4c017b08 100644
--- a/src/locales/en.json
+++ b/src/locales/en.json
@@ -373,6 +373,7 @@
   "Service Administrator Prompt": "Clash Verge requires administrator privileges to reinstall the system service",
   "DNS Settings": "DNS Settings",
   "DNS settings saved": "DNS settings saved",
+  "DNS configuration error:": "DNS configuration error:",
   "DNS Overwrite": "DNS Overwrite",
   "DNS Settings Warning": "If you are not familiar with these settings, please do not modify them and keep DNS Overwrite enabled",
   "Enable DNS": "Enable DNS",
diff --git a/src/locales/zh.json b/src/locales/zh.json
index 62670a80..d8cc1689 100644
--- a/src/locales/zh.json
+++ b/src/locales/zh.json
@@ -373,6 +373,7 @@
   "Service Administrator Prompt": "Clash Verge 需要管理员权限安装系统服务",
   "DNS Settings": "DNS 设置",
   "DNS settings saved": "DNS 设置已保存",
+  "DNS configuration error:": "DNS 配置错误：",
   "DNS Overwrite": "DNS 覆写",
   "DNS Settings Warning": "如果你不清楚这里的设置请不要修改，并保持 DNS 覆写开启",
   "Enable DNS": "启用 DNS",
diff --git a/src/locales/zhtw.json b/src/locales/zhtw.json
index 6bf8df4c..1fc9ea76 100644
--- a/src/locales/zhtw.json
+++ b/src/locales/zhtw.json
@@ -373,6 +373,7 @@
   "Service Administrator Prompt": "Clash Verge 需要管理員權限安裝系統服務",
   "DNS Settings": "DNS 設定",
   "DNS settings saved": "DNS 設定已儲存",
+  "DNS configuration error:": "DNS 設定錯誤：",
   "DNS Overwrite": "DNS 覆寫",
   "DNS Settings Warning": "如果你不清楚這裡的設定請不要修改，並保持 DNS 覆寫開啟",
   "Enable DNS": "啟用 DNS",
diff --git a/src/pages/_layout/notificationHandlers.ts b/src/pages/_layout/notificationHandlers.ts
index 78596d81..82ae6b29 100644
--- a/src/pages/_layout/notificationHandlers.ts
+++ b/src/pages/_layout/notificationHandlers.ts
@@ -20,51 +20,51 @@ export const handleNoticeMessage = (
     },
     "set_config::error": () => showNotice.error(msg),
     update_with_clash_proxy: () =>
-      showNotice.success(t("Update with Clash proxy successfully"), msg),
+      showNotice.success("Update with Clash proxy successfully", msg),
     update_retry_with_clash: () =>
       showNotice.info("Update failed, retrying with Clash proxy..."),
     update_failed_even_with_clash: () =>
-      showNotice.error(`${t("Update failed even with Clash proxy")}:`, msg),
+      showNotice.error("Update failed even with Clash proxy", msg),
     update_failed: () => showNotice.error(msg),
     "config_validate::boot_error": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("Boot Config Validation Failed"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("Boot Config Validation Failed", msg),
     "config_validate::core_change": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("Core Change Config Validation Failed"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("Core Change Config Validation Failed", msg),
     "config_validate::error": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("Config Validation Failed"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("Config Validation Failed", msg),
     "config_validate::process_terminated": () =>
       showNotice.error("Config Validation Process Terminated"),
     "config_validate::stdout_error": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("Config Validation Failed"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("Config Validation Failed", msg),
     "config_validate::script_error": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("Script File Error"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("Script File Error", msg),
     "config_validate::script_syntax_error": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("Script Syntax Error"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("Script Syntax Error", msg),
     "config_validate::script_missing_main": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("Script Missing Main"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("Script Missing Main", msg),
     "config_validate::file_not_found": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("File Not Found"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("File Not Found", msg),
     "config_validate::yaml_syntax_error": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("YAML Syntax Error"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("YAML Syntax Error", msg),
     "config_validate::yaml_read_error": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("YAML Read Error"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("YAML Read Error", msg),
     "config_validate::yaml_mapping_error": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("YAML Mapping Error"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("YAML Mapping Error", msg),
     "config_validate::yaml_key_error": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("YAML Key Error"), msg),
-    "config_validate::yaml_error": () => showNotice.error(t("YAML Error"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("YAML Key Error", msg),
+    "config_validate::yaml_error": () => showNotice.error("YAML Error", msg),
     "config_validate::merge_syntax_error": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("Merge File Syntax Error"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("Merge File Syntax Error", msg),
     "config_validate::merge_mapping_error": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("Merge File Mapping Error"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("Merge File Mapping Error", msg),
     "config_validate::merge_key_error": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("Merge File Key Error"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("Merge File Key Error", msg),
     "config_validate::merge_error": () =>
-      showNotice.error(t("Merge File Error"), msg),
+      showNotice.error("Merge File Error", msg),
     "config_core::change_success": () =>
-      showNotice.success(`${t("Core Changed Successfully")}:`, msg),
+      showNotice.success("Core Changed Successfully", msg),
     "config_core::change_error": () =>
-      showNotice.error(`${t("Failed to Change Core")}:`, msg),
+      showNotice.error("Failed to Change Core", msg),
   };
 
   const handler = handlers[status];
diff --git a/src/pages/profiles.tsx b/src/pages/profiles.tsx
index 4dc7fece..9e17de32 100644
--- a/src/pages/profiles.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/profiles.tsx
@@ -146,12 +146,12 @@ const ProfilePage = () => {
 
       setActivatings((prev) => prev.filter((id) => id !== previousSwitching));
       showNotice.info(
-        t("pages.profiles.notifications.switchInterrupted"),
+        "pages.profiles.notifications.switchInterrupted",
         `${previousSwitching} → ${newProfile}`,
         3000,
       );
     },
-    [t],
+    [],
   );
 
   // 清理切换状态
@@ -240,12 +240,11 @@ const ProfilePage = () => {
       await onEnhance(false);
 
       showNotice.success("pages.profiles.notices.forceRefreshCompleted", 2000);
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error) {
       console.error("[紧急刷新] 失败:", error);
-      const message = error?.message || String(error);
       showNotice.error(
         "pages.profiles.notices.emergencyRefreshFailed",
-        { message },
+        { message: String(error) },
         4000,
       );
     }
@@ -302,11 +301,11 @@ const ProfilePage = () => {
           self_proxy: true,
         });
         await handleImportSuccess("Profile Imported with Clash proxy");
-      } catch (retryErr: any) {
+      } catch (retryErr) {
         // 回退导入也失败
-        const retryErrmsg = retryErr?.message || retryErr.toString();
         showNotice.error(
-          `${t("pages.profiles.notifications.importFail")}: ${retryErrmsg}`,
+          "pages.profiles.notifications.importFail",
+          String(retryErr),
         );
       }
     } finally {
@@ -353,13 +352,10 @@ const ProfilePage = () => {
       // 清除SWR缓存并重新获取
       await mutate("getProfiles", getProfiles(), { revalidate: true });
       await onEnhance(false);
-      showNotice.error(
-        t("pages.profiles.notifications.importNeedsRefresh"),
-        3000,
-      );
+      showNotice.error("pages.profiles.notifications.importNeedsRefresh", 3000);
     } catch (finalError) {
       console.error(`[导入刷新] 最终刷新尝试失败:`, finalError);
-      showNotice.error(t("pages.profiles.notifications.importSuccess"), 5000);
+      showNotice.error("pages.profiles.notifications.importSuccess", 5000);
     }
   };
 
@@ -477,7 +473,7 @@ const ProfilePage = () => {
 
         if (notifySuccess && success) {
           showNotice.success(
-            t("pages.profiles.notifications.profileSwitched"),
+            "pages.profiles.notifications.profileSwitched",
             1000,
           );
         }
@@ -531,7 +527,6 @@ const ProfilePage = () => {
       profiles,
       patchProfiles,
       mutateLogs,
-      t,
       executeBackgroundTasks,
       handleProfileInterrupt,
       cleanupSwitchState,
@@ -577,7 +572,7 @@ const ProfilePage = () => {
       mutateLogs();
       if (notifySuccess) {
         showNotice.success(
-          t("pages.profiles.notifications.profileReactivated"),
+          "pages.profiles.notifications.profileReactivated",
           1000,
         );
       }
@@ -718,9 +713,7 @@ const ProfilePage = () => {
       setSelectedProfiles(new Set());
       setBatchMode(false);
 
-      showNotice.success({
-        i18nKey: "pages.profiles.notifications.batchDeleted",
-      });
+      showNotice.success("pages.profiles.notifications.batchDeleted");
     } catch (err: any) {
       showNotice.error(err);
     } finally {
@@ -729,8 +722,8 @@ const ProfilePage = () => {
   });
 
   const mode = useThemeMode();
-  const islight = mode === "light" ? true : false;
-  const dividercolor = islight
+  const isLight = mode === "light";
+  const dividercolor = isLight
     ? "rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06)"
     : "rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06)";
 
diff --git a/src/pages/settings.tsx b/src/pages/settings.tsx
index 7392b27b..a19503ee 100644
--- a/src/pages/settings.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/settings.tsx
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ const SettingPage = () => {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
 
   const onError = (err: any) => {
-    showNotice.error(err?.message || err.toString());
+    showNotice.error(err);
   };
 
   const toGithubRepo = useLockFn(() => {
diff --git a/src/pages/unlock.tsx b/src/pages/unlock.tsx
index 1993ceba..ebdb2dec 100644
--- a/src/pages/unlock.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/unlock.tsx
@@ -173,10 +173,7 @@ const UnlockPage = () => {
       setIsCheckingAll(false);
     } catch (err: any) {
       setIsCheckingAll(false);
-      showNotice(
-        "error",
-        err?.message || err?.toString() || t("Detection timeout or failed"),
-      );
+      showNotice.error("Detection timeout or failed", err);
       console.error("Failed to check media unlock:", err);
     }
   });
@@ -206,12 +203,7 @@ const UnlockPage = () => {
       setLoadingItems((prev) => prev.filter((item) => item !== name));
     } catch (err: any) {
       setLoadingItems((prev) => prev.filter((item) => item !== name));
-      showNotice(
-        "error",
-        err?.message ||
-          err?.toString() ||
-          t("Detection failed for {name}").replace("{name}", name),
-      );
+      showNotice.error("Detection failed for {name}", { name }, err);
       console.error(`Failed to check ${name}:`, err);
     }
   });
diff --git a/src/services/noticeService.ts b/src/services/noticeService.ts
index f86c5b46..a6a91da9 100644
--- a/src/services/noticeService.ts
+++ b/src/services/noticeService.ts
@@ -3,17 +3,11 @@ import { ReactNode, isValidElement } from "react";
 
 type NoticeType = "success" | "error" | "info";
 
-/**
- * Descriptor used when the notice content should be resolved through i18n.
- */
 export interface NoticeTranslationDescriptor {
   key: string;
   params?: Record<string, unknown>;
 }
 
-/**
- * Runtime representation of a notice entry queued for rendering.
- */
 interface NoticeItem {
   readonly id: number;
   readonly type: NoticeType;
@@ -69,6 +63,7 @@ function parseNoticeExtras(extras: NoticeExtra[]): ParsedNoticeExtras {
   let raw: unknown;
   let duration: number | undefined;
 
+  // Prioritize objects as translation params, then as raw payloads, while the first number wins as duration.
   for (const extra of extras) {
     if (extra === undefined) continue;
 
@@ -182,13 +177,9 @@ function extractDisplayText(input: unknown): string | undefined {
   if (input instanceof Error) {
     return input.message || input.name;
   }
-  if (
-    typeof input === "object" &&
-    input !== null &&
-    "message" in input &&
-    typeof (input as { message?: unknown }).message === "string"
-  ) {
-    return (input as { message?: string }).message;
+  if (typeof input === "object" && input !== null) {
+    const maybeMessage = (input as { message?: unknown }).message;
+    if (typeof maybeMessage === "string") return maybeMessage;
   }
   try {
     return JSON.stringify(input);
@@ -250,6 +241,7 @@ function normalizeNoticeMessage(
           },
         };
       }
+      // Prefer showing the original string while still surfacing the raw details below.
       return {
         i18n: {
           key: "common.notices.prefixedRaw",
@@ -285,9 +277,6 @@ function normalizeNoticeMessage(
   return { i18n: createRawDescriptor("") };
 }
 
-/**
- * Imperative entry point for users to display new notices.
- */
 const baseShowNotice = (
   type: NoticeType,
   message: NoticeContent,
@@ -300,6 +289,7 @@ const baseShowNotice = (
     effectiveDuration > 0
       ? setTimeout(() => hideNotice(id), effectiveDuration)
       : undefined;
+
   const normalizedMessage = normalizeNoticeMessage(message, params, raw);
   const notice = buildNotice(
     id,
@@ -342,11 +332,3 @@ export function subscribeNotices(subscriber: NoticeSubscriber) {
 export function getSnapshotNotices() {
   return notices;
 }
-
-export function clearAllNotices() {
-  notices.forEach((notice) => {
-    if (notice.timerId) clearTimeout(notice.timerId);
-  });
-  notices = [];
-  notifySubscribers();
-}